CN5

Chapter 5: Infection Control

OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration created to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in workplace.
MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheet required for product awareness
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency registers all disinfectants(bactericidal, fungicidal, virucidal)

Bacteria
Nonpathogenic - saprophyte
Can reproduce 16.5 million in a day

Pathogenic Types:
Cocci - round shape bacteria that appear alone or in groups
     Staphylococci - pus forming that grow in clusters like grapes. Causes abscesses. pustules, and boils.
     Streptococci - Pus forming arranged in curved lines. Cause strep throat and blood poisoning.
     Diplococci - Spherical bacteria that grows in pairs. Causes ex. pneumonia
Bacilli - short rod shaped. Most common and cause tetanus(lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Spirilla - Spiral shaped.
     Treponema papillida - Causes syphilis.
     Borrelia burgdorferi - Causes Lyme disease.

Local infection: ex. pimple or abscess is confined to a particular part of the body and is indicated by a lesion containing pus.

Parasites: Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on/in host without contribution.
Scabies:  Caused by itch mites.

Prevention
1. Cleaning
2. Disinfecting
3. Sterilization

Disinfectants must have efficacy(effectiveness) claims on label.
Quaternary ammonium compounds(Qoats) are disinfectants that are very effective when used properly but when left immersed too long can cause damage to tools.
Phenolics are powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. Has a very high pH and can cause damage to skin and eyes and expensive as well.
Fumigants no longer used because of poisonous gas released over time.